Пhe review of Pb-isotope data on bitumens, kerogens, and oils is presented. The Pb isotope diagrams distinguish isochronous families, discrete clusters, and continuous extended trends of figurative points. Arguments are presented in favor of Pb isotopic homogenization with yielding of isochronal Pb-Pb dating in hydrothermal conditions during the separation of lead from uranium into ore minerals simultaneously with uranium enrichment of bitumen. Families of figurative points of oils and kerogen on Pb isotope diagrams reveal discrete components of sources that have not undergone general Pb isotopic homogenization under catagenesis conditions. Continuous extended trends of Pb isotopes are determined and interpreted in terms of the global evolution of the Earth's mantle and crust. The mixing of Pb-isotope components is determined for the oils of Europe and adjacent marine areas. The example of North Sea hydrocarbons establishes an extended trend of mixing of Pb isotopes from Precambrian basement rocks and Jurassic black shales, which yield a common European oil component (CEOC) with high μ (²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb) – HIMU and significantly different from the common mantle reservoir (CMR) of intraplate volcanic rocks of Europe with neighboring Africa and Arabia. In contrast to this component relationship, the extended oil trends of the Liaohe field of northeastern China are compared with those of the ELMU and LOMU components of Cenozoic volcanic rocks of Asia. The formation of bitumens, kerogens and oils of this field under the influence of deep mantle fluid flows is suggested. The review was carried out within the framework of interactive preparation of the article with master's students of the Faculty of Geology, IGU.

Geological training practices are a natural continuation of theoretical classroom training. The article reconstructs the history of their conduct since the founding of the Faculty of Geology of ISU, describes the main methodological aids, lists all the teachers-heads of practices, types and methods of their conduct, and also gives a brief summary of their psychological and professional peculiarities of their conduct and significance for students - future geologists.